Abstract

The author has created and used a suite of computer programs called Smallworld to identify the essential characteristics of participatory works of art that use computer technology. The origins and development of Smallworld are described here and the findings of the research summarized. The author identifies as most significant a compound characteristic that emerges as common to all participatory works of art that use computer technology: the degree and manner of control afforded to participants. Artists can be seen as composers of the changing degree and manner of control. Participants interpret the compositions, just as musicians interpret musical compositions. The quality of the realization of the work will depend on participant skill in using the physical and programmed interface.