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Influence of preoperative diagnosis of nutritional disorders on short-term outcomes after hip arthroplasty: A cohort study of older adults.

Briguglio, M., Latella, M., Sirtori, P., Mangiavini, L., De Luca, P., Geroldi, M., De Vecchi, E., Lombardi, G., Petrillo, S., Wainwright, T., Peretti, G. M. and Banfi, G., 2025. Influence of preoperative diagnosis of nutritional disorders on short-term outcomes after hip arthroplasty: A cohort study of older adults. Nutrients, 17 (14), 2319.

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DOI: 10.3390/nu17142319

Abstract

Background: Nutritional disorders may affect short-term recovery after major orthopaedic surgery, but evidence is lacking. This study assessed whether and how different nutritional disorders diagnosed at admission could influence early recovery after hip replacement. Methods: A prospective analytical study was designed to include 60 patients scheduled for elective primary hip replacement and assess their nutritional status to diagnose 5 malnutrition phenotypes: undernutrition, sarcopenia, obesity, sarcopenic obesity, and sarcopenic undernutrition. Outcome measures were 24 h change in neutrophils, 72 h change in haemoglobin, and 10-day gait speed regain. Results: Haemoglobin reached the nadir at day 2–3 and partially recovered by day 10 in all patients, with sarcopenia and undernutrition being the strongest predictors of the postoperative drop (−2.37 g∙dL−1 and −0.80 g∙dL−1, p < 0.05). Neutrophils peaked immediately after surgery and returned to baseline levels at discharge, with sarcopenic undernutrition displaying a blunted response after surgery (−16.20%, p < 0.01). Undernutrition was found to be the most influential preoperative variable on gait speed recovery, but with a marginal effect. None of the patients covered the reference energy and protein needs through diet in the 10 postoperative days. Conclusions: In this cohort, nutritional disorders with reduced body function and reserves (sarcopenia and undernutrition) grounded a greater vulnerability to surgery in terms of early stress response and short-term recovery. This calls for both advanced planning of nutritional prehabilitation strategies for these conditions and adequate postoperative nutritional support.

Item Type:Article
ISSN:2072-6643
Uncontrolled Keywords:orthopaedic procedures; total hip replacement; prehabilitation; malnutrition; sarcopenia; enhanced recovery after surgery; postoperative complication; quality improvement; patient care
Group:Faculty of Health & Social Sciences
ID Code:41200
Deposited By: Symplectic RT2
Deposited On:25 Jul 2025 10:37
Last Modified:25 Jul 2025 10:37

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