Origin and invasion of the emerging infectious pathogen Sphaerothecum destruens.

Abstract

Non-native species are often linked with the introduction of novel pathogens with detrimental effects to native biodiversity. Since the first discovery of Sphaerothecum destruens as a fish pathogen in the UK, it has been identified as a potential threat to European fish biodiversity. Despite this parasite’s emergence and associated disease risk there is still a poor understanding of its origin in Europe. Here, we provide the first evidence supporting the hypothesis that S. destruens has been accidentally introduced to Europe from China along with its reservoir host Pseudorasbora parva via the aquaculture trade. This is the first study to confirm the presence of S. destruens in China and has expanded the confirmed range of S. destruens to more locations in Europe. The demographic analysis of S. destruens and its host P. parva in their native and invasive range further supported the close association of both species. The work has direct significance and management implications for S. destruens in Europe as a non-native parasite.