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Comparing seven methods for state-of-health time series prediction for the lithium-ion battery packs of forklifts.

Huotari, M., Arora, S., Malhi, A. and Främling, K., 2021. Comparing seven methods for state-of-health time series prediction for the lithium-ion battery packs of forklifts. Applied Soft Computing, 111 (November), 107670.

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DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107670

Abstract

A key aspect for the forklifts is the state-of-health (SoH) assessment to ensure the safety and the reliability of uninterrupted power source. Forecasting the battery SoH well is imperative to enable preventive maintenance and hence to reduce the costs. This paper demonstrates the capabilities of gradient boosting regression for predicting the SoH timeseries under circumstances when there is little prior information available about the batteries. We compared the gradient boosting method with light gradient boosting, extra trees, extreme gradient boosting, random forests, long short-term memory networks and with combined convolutional neural network and long short-term memory networks methods. We used multiple predictors and lagged target signal decomposition results as additional predictors and compared the yielded prediction results with different sets of predictors for each method. For this work, we are in possession of a unique data set of 45 lithium-ion battery packs with large variation in the data. The best model that we derived was validated by a novel walk-forward algorithm that also calculates point-wise confidence intervals for the predictions; we yielded reasonable predictions and confidence intervals for the predictions. Furthermore, we verified this model against five other lithium-ion battery packs; the best model generalised to greater extent to this set of battery packs. The results about the final model suggest that we were able to enhance the results in respect to previously developed models. Moreover, we further validated the model for extracting cycle counts presented in our previous work with data from new forklifts; their battery packs completed around 3000 cycles in a 10-year service period, which corresponds to the cycle life for commercial Nickel–Cobalt–Manganese (NMC) cells.

Item Type:Article
ISSN:1568-4946
Uncontrolled Keywords:Electrical vehicles; State-of-health for lithium-ion batteries; Machine learning; Neural networks; Timeseries prediction
Group:Faculty of Science & Technology
ID Code:35976
Deposited By: Symplectic RT2
Deposited On:07 Sep 2021 11:49
Last Modified:14 Mar 2022 14:29

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