Boroujerdi, R. and Paul, R., 2022. Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Psychoactive Drugs. Nanomaterials, 12 (13), 2250.
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DOI: 10.3390/nano12132250
Abstract
Sensors developed from nanomaterials are increasingly used in a variety of fields, from simple wearable or medical sensors to be used at home to monitor health, to more complicated sensors being used by border customs or aviation industries. In recent times, nanoparticle-based sensors have begun to revolutionize drug-detection techniques, mainly due to their affordability, ease of use and portability, compared to conventional chromatography techniques. Thin graphene layers provide a significantly high surface to weight ratio compared to other nanomaterials, a characteristic that has led to the design of more sensitive and reliable sensors. The exceptional properties of graphene coupled with its potential to be tuned to target specific molecules have made graphene-based sensors one of the most popular and well-researched sensing materials of the past two decades with applications in environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industries. Here, we present a review of developments in the applications of graphene-based sensors in sensing drugs such as cocaine, morphine, methamphetamine, ketamine, tramadol and so forth in the past decade. We compare graphene sensors with other sensors developed from ultrathin two-dimensional materials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitrate, and MXenes, to measure drugs directly and indirectly, in various samples.
Item Type: | Article |
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ISSN: | 2079-4991 |
Additional Information: | This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | electrochemical sensors; graphene; 2D materials; toxicology; forensic science; pharmaceutical biosensors |
Group: | Faculty of Science & Technology |
ID Code: | 37173 |
Deposited By: | Symplectic RT2 |
Deposited On: | 11 Jul 2022 14:26 |
Last Modified: | 11 Jul 2022 14:26 |
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