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Testing the thrifty gene hypothesis: the Gly482Ser variant in PPARGC1A is associated with BMI in Tongans.

Myles, S., Lea, R.A, Ohashi, J., Chambers, G.K., Weiss, J.G., Hardouin, E.A., Engelken, J., Macartney-Coxson, D.P., Eccles, D.A., Naka, I., Kimura, R., Inaoka, T., Matsumura, Y. and Stoneking, M., 2011. Testing the thrifty gene hypothesis: the Gly482Ser variant in PPARGC1A is associated with BMI in Tongans. BMC Medical Genetics, 12, 10.

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DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-10

Abstract

BACKGROUND: the thrifty gene hypothesis posits that, in populations that experienced periods of feast and famine, natural selection favoured individuals carrying thrifty alleles that promote the storage of fat and energy. Polynesians likely experienced long periods of cold stress and starvation during their settlement of the Pacific and today have high rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), possibly due to past positive selection for thrifty alleles. Alternatively, T2DM risk alleles may simply have drifted to high frequency in Polynesians. To identify thrifty alleles in Polynesians, we previously examined evidence of positive selection on T2DM-associated SNPs and identified a T2DM risk allele at unusually high frequency in Polynesians. We suggested that the risk allele of the Gly482Ser variant in the PPARGC1A gene was driven to high frequency in Polynesians by positive selection and therefore possibly represented a thrifty allele in the Pacific. METHODS: here we examine whether PPARGC1A is a thrifty gene in Pacific populations by testing for an association between Gly482Ser genotypes and BMI in two Pacific populations (Maori and Tongans) and by evaluating the frequency of the risk allele of the Gly482Ser variant in a sample of worldwide populations. RESULTS: we find that the Gly482Ser variant is associated with BMI in Tongans but not in Maori. In a sample of 58 populations worldwide, we also show that the 482Ser risk allele reaches its highest frequency in the Pacific. CONCLUSION: the association between Gly482Ser genotypes and BMI in Tongans together with the worldwide frequency distribution of the Gly482Ser risk allele suggests that PPARGC1A remains a candidate thrifty gene in Pacific populations.

Item Type:Article
ISSN:1471-2350
Uncontrolled Keywords:Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tonga ; Transcription Factors
Group:Faculty of Science & Technology
ID Code:24405
Deposited By: Symplectic RT2
Deposited On:22 Jul 2016 10:30
Last Modified:14 Mar 2022 13:57

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